Thanks to dramatic advances in veterinary science, dogs are living longer than ever before. Modern nutrition, therapeutics, and preventive care are extending the canine life span well into the teens. Living longer means more age-related health problems can occur such as arthritis, heart disease, endocrine problems, liver and kidney ailments, cancer—and yes, even age-related dementia. In dogs, this is termed Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS).

Why Daisy is getting Daft

As the canine brain ages, both physical and chemical changes occur. Neuronal connections atrophy, particularly in the frontal “thinking” parts of the brain. Brain oxygen levels fall and small strokes may occur. Abnormal proteins, called “amyloid” build up and inhibit brain cell function, particularly in brain regions involved with complex thought and memory. Acetylcholine, dopamine and serotonin, the chemical messengers that regulate memory, mood and alertness, are also disrupted. Metabolic imbalances lead to the build up of free radicals. These are toxic breakdown products that damage brain cell membranes. These are the features CDS, many of which are also seen in age-related dementia in people.

To continue reading, please visit DogHealth.com