Fleas are ectoparasites (external body parasites) that typically cause skin irritation. Flea bites can cause flea-allergy dermatitis, and severe flea infestation causes blood-loss anemia. Fleas can carry infectious agents, including tapeworms and blood-borne organisms. Flea bites are itchy and uncomfortable, and some species can even bite and infest human beings.

Flea control in pregnant and lactating dogs and very young puppies can be challenging. However, good flea treatment and control is still possible with the current arsenal of available products. There are a large number of available topical medications, pills, and sprays that are licensed for use in dogs and puppies. Several (Frontline Plus®, Frontline Top Spot®, Revolution®, Program®, and Capstar®) are approved for use in pregnant and lactating dogs.

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